Sources and methods
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This page lists every source Daily Sajda relies on and explains how each number on the site is worked out, so you can check anything you read here. Our editorial principles are on the About page.
Quran text, translation and recitation
- Arabic text: the Uthmani script published by the Tanzil project, downloaded from the Al Quran Cloud API and stored with the site. Quranic Arabic is never typed by hand.
- English translation: Marmaduke Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (1930), which is in the public domain.
- Transliteration: the Al Quran Cloud transliteration edition, shown as a reading aid only.
- Surah names and revelation order: the Quran.com API.
- Recitation: Mishary Rashid Alafasy, streamed from the Islamic Network audio library.
Hadith and duas
- Every hadith is cited by collection and number, using the standard numbering on sunnah.com (Fuad Abd al-Baqi's numbering for Sahih Muslim). Each reference links to that hadith on sunnah.com so you can read it in full.
- Duas from Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim are marked as such. For other collections we state the grading and who graded it, for example al-Albani, and say so when scholars differ.
- The Arabic wording of each hadith dua was compared with the text of the hadith it cites. A dua is left out if its wording or source could not be confirmed.
- Virtues of surahs and special days are only mentioned when there is a checkable hadith reference.
The 99 Names of Allah
The list follows the narration in Jami' at-Tirmidhi 3507, without the name "Allah", and adds Al-Ahad from Sunan Ibn Majah 3861. The hadith that Allah has ninety-nine names is in Sahih al-Bukhari 2736 and Sahih Muslim 2677. Verses quoted with each name use the Quran sources above.
Prayer times
Times are calculated with Adhan, an open source library that implements the standard astronomical formulas. Each city uses its coordinates and time zone, including daylight saving changes, and the method most widely followed in that country. You can switch method and Asr convention on every page.
| Method | Fajr | Isha | Mainly used in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Muslim World League | 18° | 17° | Europe, parts of Africa and Asia, and as a general default |
| Egyptian General Authority of Survey | 19.5° | 17.5° | Egypt, Sudan, Libya and parts of Africa |
| University of Islamic Sciences, Karachi | 18° | 18° | Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and Afghanistan |
| Umm al-Qura University, Makkah | 18.5° | 90 minutes after Maghrib | Saudi Arabia |
| Dubai (UAE) | 18.2° | 18.2° | United Arab Emirates |
| Qatar | 18° | 90 minutes after Maghrib | Qatar |
| Kuwait | 18° | 17.5° | Kuwait |
| Moonsighting Committee Worldwide | 18° (seasonally adjusted) | 18° (seasonally adjusted) | UK and North America, especially at higher latitudes |
| Singapore / Southeast Asia | 20° | 18° | Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei |
| Diyanet (Turkey) | 18° | 17° | Turkey and many Turkish mosques abroad |
| Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran | 17.7° | 14° | Iran |
| Islamic Society of North America (ISNA) | 15° | 15° | United States and Canada |
- Asr: Standard (Shafi, Maliki, Hanbali): asr begins when an object's shadow equals its length (plus its noon shadow). Hanafi: asr begins when an object's shadow is twice its length (plus its noon shadow).
- Dhuhr: most methods set Dhuhr one minute after the sun passes its highest point, and a few (Dubai, Diyanet and the Moonsighting Committee) add a few minutes, as each authority specifies.
- High latitudes: where twilight lasts all night in summer, Fajr and Isha are limited using the middle of the night below 48° latitude and a seventh of the night above it.
- Rounding: times are rounded to the nearest minute, or up for the Singapore method, as that authority does.
- These are the moments each prayer begins. Mosques set their own congregation times, and some add a few minutes as a precaution, so your mosque's timetable takes precedence.
Hijri dates
- Worldwide pages and the converter use the Umm al-Qura calendar, the official calculated calendar of Saudi Arabia, with its published month lengths for 1400 to 1500 AH.
- Pakistan: the Islamic date in Pakistan follows the announcements of the Central Ruet-e-Hilal Committee. Each announced month is listed with a news report of the decision; the latest isJumada al-Awwal 1448. Months not yet announced are estimated as the Umm al-Qura start plus one day and are clearly marked as expected.
- Where communities start months by local moon sighting, dates can differ by a day, and the pages say so.
Qibla direction
The Qibla is the great circle bearing (the shortest route over the Earth's surface) from your location to the Kaaba, taken as21.4225° N, 39.8262° E, measured clockwise from true north. A phone compass shows magnetic north, which can differ by several degrees, and the Qibla finder explains how to allow for that.
Zakat
The calculator uses the nisab of 85 grams of gold or 595 grams of silver and the rate of 2.5% on zakatable wealth held for a lunar year. You enter the current gold or silver price yourself, because prices change daily and differ between countries. Rulings on particular assets vary between scholars; ask a qualified scholar about your own situation.
Corrections
If you find a time, date, translation or reference that looks wrong, please contact us with the page address and, if you can, your source. We check every report and correct confirmed errors.